RESUMO O elevado número de pacientes com problemas de saúde por doenças ósseas ou traumas tem promovido o desenvolvimento de pesquisas em biomateriais de modo a garantir uma melhor qualidade de vida. Dentre os diversos biomateriais, os cimentos ósseos poliméricos (PMMA) ou cerâmicos (fosfatos e silicatos de cálcio) destacam-se para aplicações em cirurgias ortopédicas e odontológicas, tais como: reconstrução óssea, artoplastia. Diante do exposto o objetivo da pesquisa foi avaliar a influência da incorporação de fosfatos de cálcio (β-TCP (amostra 1 -A1) e hidroxiapatita – HAp (amostra 2 – A2) na proporção de 2% (m/m) para a formação de cimento ósseo de silicato de cálcio (wollastonita/brushita) pelo método de dissolução/precipitação. A mistura do pó (wollastonita) foi homogeneizada, posteriormente uma solução de ácido fosfórico adicionada para formação do cimento ósseo, foram colocadas em um molde de teflon baseado com a norma ABNT NBR ISO 5833, e finalmente deixados a 25ºC por 24 horas obtendo os corpos de prova. A análise por DRX das amostras indicaram a presença das fases cristalinas do fosfato de cálcio (β-TCP e HAp) e silicato de cálcio (wollastonita e Brushita). As imagens das amostras por MEV apresentaram tamanho de partículas características da wollastonita/brushita/HAp/β-TCP. Foi realizado uma análise granulométrica a partir das micrografias, onde se observou que a incorporação dos fosfatos influencio na aglomeração dos tamanhos das partículas quando comparados ao cimento ósseo puro. O ensaio de compressão indica que a incorporação dos fosfatos melhora a propriedade mecânica, devido à redução das partículas o qual provoca uma maior compactação. Conclui-se que a A2 com a incorporação da HAp essa melhora da resistência mecânica foi mais intensa em relação a A1, no entanto, às duas amostras tiveram melhorias significativas em comparação ao cimento ósseo de silicato de cálcio.

ABSTRACT The high number of patients with health problems due to bone diseases or trauma has promoted the development of biomaterial research to ensure a better quality of life. Among the various biomaterials, polymeric (PMMA) or ceramic bone cements (phosphates and calcium silicates) stands out for such application. In view of the above, the objective of the research was to evaluate the incorporation of calcium phosphates (β-TCP (sample 1-A1) and hydroxyapatite-HAp (sample 2-A2) in the proportion of 2% (m/m) for the formation of calcium silicate bone cement (wollastonite / brushite) by the method of dissolution/precipitation. The powder mixture (wollastonite) was homogenized, subsequently a solution of phosphoric acid added to form the bone cement were placed in a teflon mold based on the ISO 5833 ABNT NBR standard, and finally left at 25ºC for 24 hours obtaining the specimens. XRD analysis of the samples indicated the presence of the crystalline phases of calcium phosphate (β-TCP and HAp) and calcium silicate (wollastonite and Brushite). The MEV images showed particle size wollastonite/brushite/HAp/β-TCP. A granulometric analysis was carried out from the micrographs, where it was observed that the incorporation of the phosphates influenced the agglomeration of the particle sizes when compared to the pure bone cement. The compression test indicates that the incorporation of the phosphates improves the compressive strength, due to the reduction of the particles which causes a greater compression. It is concluded that A2 with the incorporation of HAp this improvement of mechanical resistance was more intense in relation to A1, however the two samples had significant improvements in relation to calcium silicate bone cement.

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has been prominent in orthopedic implants; however, it is inert, preventing interaction between the implant and adjacent bone tissues. One way to overcome this characteristic is physical modification its on surface by particle leaching promoting greater osseointegration. The objective of this research was to develop and characterize the PEEK using a surface modification technique via particle leaching. For of the samples, a layer deposition of NaCl was used on PEEK. This was subjected to the pressure of 850 kg/cm2 by 390ºC for 20 minutes. After cooling, were subjected to leaching process particles. The results indicated a porous surface exhibiting uniform and homogeneous morphology with defined pores interconected, to in the range of 140-373 µm, with an average diameter of 273 µm. These evidenced the considerable NaCl removal after the leaching process, with cavities from ideal sizes which promotes adequate cellular accommodation and distinct roughness, giving an overall possibility of being able to obtain a material more able to receive the cells while also possibly presenting cell viability. Although the compressive strength presented low values, it can still be suitable for applications in areas with a reduced modulus of elasticity.